![]() While there is evidence for some early risk factors, there is still a need to more precisely delineate and distinguish early manifestations of frank dementia from cognitive impairment that is less likely to progress to dementia, and furthermore to develop improved prospective evidence for positive response to intervention. Results and conclusion MCI describes a level of impairment in which deteriorating cognitive functions still allow for reasonable independent living, including some compensatory strategies. Methods Literature review and consensus of expert opinion. Aim To update knowledge regarding mild cognitive impairment, and to bring together and appraise evidence about the main features of clinical interest: definitions, prevalence and stability, risk factors, screening, and management and intervention. The increasing burden of dementia in our society, but also our increasing understanding of its risk factors and potential interventions, require diligent management of MCI in order to find strategies that produce effective prevention of dementia. That is, it is perceived as a high risk level of cognitive change. Introduction Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a term used to describe a level of decline in cognition which is seen as an intermediate stage between normal ageing and dementia, and which many consider to be a prodromal stage of neurodegeneration that may become dementia. Conclusion: Within a transcultural setting, the p-AD8 demon- strated good discriminative validity and can be used to gain a preliminary understanding of an individual’s cognitive status. Combination of impairment in Mini-Mental State Examination and p-AD8 is more useful in detecting cognitive impairment than using the AD8 alone. The p-AD8 showed good diagnostic performance in differentiating between participants with NCI and participants with cognitive impairment (sensitivity 1⁄4 85.0%, specificity 1⁄4 74.0%, and area under the curve 1⁄4 0.80), with a cutoff score of □1. Participant and informant AD8 scores were moderately correlated within dementia dyads. Results: AD8 scores were associated with dementia severity. Agreement and discriminative properties of p-AD8 were assessed. Methods: Data on demographics, clinical, and cognitive features were collected from 73 participants with no cognitive impairment (NCI), 27 participants with mild cognitive impairments, and 78 participants with Alzheimer’s disease–informant dyads. This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of the participant-rated AD8 (p-AD8) in a predominantly Chinese population. Although its need for assistance may be limiting, its ability to quickly assess several cognitive domains supports widespread clinical use.īackground: AD8 is a brief informant interview used to detect early cognitive change. Conclusions: The TYM-S is a valid and reliable instrument to assess cognitive impairment, showing good psychometric properties and diagnostic capacity to identify cases of dementia in a Spanish-speaking older cohort. ![]() The extent of assistance required in the TYM-S and cognitive impairment was correlated. Optimum cutoff scores of 39 and 44 distinguished dementia cases from controls (93.1% sensitivity, 82.2% specificity) and MCI cases from controls (85.7% sensitivity, 69% specificity), respectively. Regarding reliability, Cronbach's α was 0.776. Results: Regarding convergent validity, the TYM-S was significantly correlated (p < 0.001) with global cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination: r = 0.902 Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examina-tion-Revised-Chilean version: r = 0.922 Montreal Cognitive Assessment: r = 0.923), executive dysfunction (Frontal Assessment Battery: r = 0.862), dementia severity (Clinical Dementia Rating: r = À0.757), functional capacity (Technology-Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire: r = À0.864 Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire: r = À0.748 Instrumental Activities of Daily Living: r = 0.769), and cognitive change (Alzheimer's Disease 8-Chilean version: r = À0.700) measures. Cutoff points, sensitivity, and specificity were determined to test its diagnostic capacity for dementia or MCI. Convergent validity and internal consistency reliability of the TYM-S were estimated. ![]() All participants' proxies were interviewed with assessments of dementia severity, functionality in daily living activities, and cognitive change. Measures of global cognitive impairment and executive dysfunction were administered to 30 controls, 30 dementia patients, and 14 subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: The TYM was translated into Spanish and adapted for a Chilean population to develop the TYM-S. Objectives: To develop the Test Your Memory (TYM)-Spanish version (TYM-S), a self-administered cognitive screening test, in a Chilean older sample and to estimate its psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy. ![]()
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